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Leopold II ruled Belgium from
1869 until his death in 1909. Leopold believed that establishing
overseas colonies was the key to a country's success, and he
worked tirelessly to acquire colonial territory on the behalf
of Belgium. Receiving little support from the Belgian government
or the Belgian people, Leopold formed a private holding company
to pursue his colonial interests. In 1879, Leopold hired the
famous explorer Henry Morton Stanley to establish a colony in
the Congo region of Africa. At the Berlin Conference in 1885,
representatives from the United States and European countries
recognized Leopold as sovereign of the Congo Free State, an area
roughly 75 times the size of Belgium. History does not look kindly
on Leopold's actions from this point forward, as the King exploited
horribly both the people and the land in the Congo region. Though
he generated substantial personal wealth through the procurement
of rubber and ivory, the Belgian parliament ultimately forced
him to cede the land to his country in 1908.
The obverse shows Leopold II
facing right. On the reverse is the Belgian coat of arms, and
the inscription, "L' Union Fait La Force" or "The
Union Makes Strength".
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